Cómo funciona.
NPV es una función fundamental de Excel. Calculates the net present value of an investment using a discount rate. Permite automatizar hojas de cálculo, simplificar fórmulas complejas y analizar datos con total precisión en Microsoft Excel y Google Sheets.
Sintaxis.
Notación Estándar de Excel=NPV(rate, value1, [value2], ...)Argumentos.
A continuación se detallan todos los parámetros aceptados por esta función.
The discount rate per period.
Ejemplo:0.10Range of future cash flows starting at Year 1.
Ejemplo:B2:B5Ejemplo práctico.
Caso de Uso Paso a PasoCapital Budgeting - Net Present Value
Evaluate future discounted returns from capital equipment.
| Year | Cash Inflow | Net Present Value |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 1000 | — |
| Year 2 | 2000 | — |
| Year 3 | 3000 | — |
=NPV(0.10, B2:B4)Evaluates NPV over the sample table cells, placing the verified output in cell C2.
Generador de fórmula.
Abrir Asistente CompletoPersonaliza los campos de argumento a continuación para generar una fórmula lista para copiar y pegar en tu hoja de cálculo.
=NPV()Comportamiento del resultado.
Returns number 4921.11 based on sample evaluation criteria and active cell references.
Buenas Prácticas
- Initial Year 0 investment must be added outside the formula: =NPV(rate, Year1:YearN) + Year0.
Errores Frecuentes
- Do not include the initial Year 0 cash outflow inside the NPV function range.
Compatibilidad de plataforma y versiones.
Matriz verificada con base en los motores de cálculo oficiales de Microsoft Excel y Google Sheets.
Core standard function supported across all modern and legacy Microsoft Excel versions (365, 2021, 2019, 2016, 2013, 2010), as well as Excel for the Web and Mac.
100% compatible with Google Sheets. Uses identical argument order, data types, and standard calculation logic.
Preguntas frecuentes.
Dudas TécnicasCan I use NPV across different worksheets in Excel?↓
Yes. You can reference cells located on other sheets by including the sheet name followed by an exclamation mark, for example: =NPV(Sheet2!A2:A10). If the sheet name contains spaces, enclose it in single quotes: ='Q1 Report'!A2:A10.
What is the most common reason for errors in NPV?↓
Do not include the initial Year 0 cash outflow inside the NPV function range.
Does NPV work identically in Google Sheets?↓
Yes, NPV is supported in both Microsoft Excel and Google Sheets with standard evaluation behavior.