Master Excel formulas.
Learn logical operations, matrix searches, text formatting, and dynamic arrays in the browser. Type inputs and see results update instantly.
Learn how to use Excel formulas in a fun and easy way! Change values inside our grids and see how math, text, and searches work instantly.
Stop guessing cell coordinates.
Static screenshots don't show how formulas breathe. Below is a live spreadsheet simulation rendering XLOOKUP.
Click inside cell D2 (currently 103).
Type in 101, 104, or 105 and press Enter.
The result in cell E2 will immediately update using our interactive calculations.
Find Your Formula.
Select or search for a calculation goal, and our wizard helper will instantly retrieve the exact syntax and explain how it operates.
Browse Formulas.
Select a category or type a formula name to filter our high-fidelity sandboxes.
XLOOKUP.
Searches a range or array and returns the corresponding item from a second range or array.
=XLOOKUP(lookup_value, lookup_array, return_array, [if_not_found], [match_mode], [search_mode])VLOOKUP.
Searches for a value in the first column of a table and returns a value in the same row from a specified column.
=VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])INDEX & MATCH.
Combines two formulas to perform powerful two-way lookups, searching left and right.
=INDEX(return_array, MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_type]))IF.
Checks whether a condition is met, and returns one value if TRUE, and another if FALSE.
=IF(logical_test, value_if_true, [value_if_false])IFS.
Checks multiple conditions and returns a value corresponding to the first TRUE condition.
=IFS(logical_test1, value_if_true1, [logical_test2, value_if_true2], ...)IFERROR.
Returns a specified value if a formula evaluates to an error; otherwise, returns the result of the formula.
=IFERROR(value, value_if_error)SUMIFS.
Sums cells that meet multiple criteria.
=SUMIFS(sum_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2], ...)COUNTIF.
Counts the number of cells within a range that meet a single specified condition or criteria.
=COUNTIF(range, criteria)COUNTIFS.
Counts cells that meet multiple criteria.
=COUNTIFS(criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2], ...)TEXTJOIN.
Combines text from multiple ranges or strings, and includes a delimiter you specify between each text value.
=TEXTJOIN(delimiter, ignore_empty, text1, [text2], ...)FILTER.
Filters a range or array based on conditions you define, spilling matching rows automatically.
=FILTER(array, include, [if_empty])UNIQUE.
Extracts all unique values from a range or array, removing duplicates automatically.
=UNIQUE(array, [by_col], [exactly_once])TODAY.
Returns the current date.
=TODAY()NETWORKDAYS.
Returns the number of whole working days between two dates, excluding weekends and optional holidays.
=NETWORKDAYS(start_date, end_date, [holidays])PMT.
Calculates the payment for a loan based on constant payments and a constant interest rate.
=PMT(rate, nper, pv, [fv], [type])SUM.
Adds all numbers in a range of cells.
=SUM(number1, [number2], ...)AVERAGE.
Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the arguments.
=AVERAGE(number1, [number2], ...)COUNT.
Counts the number of cells that contain numbers.
=COUNT(value1, [value2], ...)LEFT.
Returns the first character or characters in a text string, based on the number of characters you specify.
=LEFT(text, [num_chars])RIGHT.
Returns the last character or characters in a text string, based on the number of characters you specify.
=RIGHT(text, [num_chars])TRIM.
Removes all spaces from text except for single spaces between words.
=TRIM(text)PROPER.
Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value.
=PROPER(text)ROUND.
Rounds a number to a specified number of digits.
=ROUND(number, num_digits)AND.
Returns TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE; returns FALSE if one or more arguments are FALSE.
=AND(logical1, [logical2], ...)OR.
Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE; returns FALSE if all arguments are FALSE.
=OR(logical1, [logical2], ...)CONCAT.
Combines the text from multiple ranges and/or strings.
=CONCAT(text1, [text2], ...)LEN.
Returns the number of characters in a text string.
=LEN(text)HLOOKUP.
Looks for a value in the top row of a table or array of values and returns a value in the same column from a row you specify.
=HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, row_index_num, [range_lookup])ISBLANK.
Checks whether a cell is completely empty and returns TRUE or FALSE.
=ISBLANK(value)ISNUMBER.
Checks whether a value is numeric and returns TRUE or FALSE.
=ISNUMBER(value)ISTEXT.
Checks whether a value is text and returns TRUE or FALSE.
=ISTEXT(value)ISERROR.
Checks whether a value is any Excel error and returns TRUE or FALSE.
=ISERROR(value)DSUM.
Sums the numbers in a database column that match specified criteria.
=DSUM(database, field, criteria)DCOUNT.
Counts the numeric cells in a database column that match criteria.
=DCOUNT(database, field, criteria)DAVERAGE.
Averages the values in a database column that match conditions.
=DAVERAGE(database, field, criteria)CONVERT.
Converts a number from one measurement unit to another.
=CONVERT(number, from_unit, to_unit)DELTA.
Tests whether two numbers are equal (returns 1 if equal, 0 if not).
=DELTA(number1, [number2])BIN2DEC.
Converts a binary number to a decimal integer.
=BIN2DEC(number)SORT.
Sorts the contents of a range or array dynamically.
=SORT(array, [sort_index], [sort_order], [by_col])SORTBY.
Sorts a range based on values in a separate range or array.
=SORTBY(array, by_array1, [sort_order1], ...)SEQUENCE.
Generates a list or 2D grid of sequential numbers.
=SEQUENCE(rows, [columns], [start], [step])TOCOL.
Transforms a 2D table or array into a single vertical column.
=TOCOL(array, [ignore], [scan_by_column])RANK.
Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers (Excel 2007 compatibility).
=RANK(number, ref, [order])MODE.
Returns the most frequently occurring value in an array or data set.
=MODE(number1, [number2], ...)ARRAYFORMULA.
Enables array calculations across entire columns in Google Sheets.
=ARRAYFORMULA(array_formula)QUERY.
Runs Google Visualization API SQL-like queries on data tables.
=QUERY(data, query, [headers])SPARKLINE.
Generates a miniature chart within a single spreadsheet cell.
=SPARKLINE(data, [options])FV.
Calculates the future value of an investment with periodic payments.
=FV(rate, nper, pmt, [pv], [type])PV.
Returns the present value of a series of future cash flows.
=PV(rate, nper, pmt, [fv], [type])NPV.
Calculates the net present value of an investment using a discount rate.
=NPV(rate, value1, [value2], ...)ABS.
Returns the absolute (positive) value of a number.
=ABS(number)MOD.
Returns the remainder after a number is divided by a divisor.
=MOD(number, divisor)POWER.
Returns the result of a number raised to a power.
=POWER(number, power)SQRT.
Returns the positive square root of a number.
=SQRT(number)PRODUCT.
Multiplies all the numbers given as arguments.
=PRODUCT(number1, [number2], ...)CEILING.
Rounds a number up to the nearest multiple of significance.
=CEILING(number, significance)FLOOR.
Rounds a number down to the nearest multiple of significance.
=FLOOR(number, significance)SWITCH.
Evaluates an expression against a list of values and returns the matching result.
=SWITCH(expression, val1, result1, [default])NOT.
Reverses the logic of its argument (TRUE becomes FALSE, FALSE becomes TRUE).
=NOT(logical)XOR.
Returns exclusive OR: TRUE if an odd number of arguments evaluate to TRUE.
=XOR(logical1, [logical2], ...)IFNA.
Catches and replaces #N/A errors specifically while preserving other errors.
=IFNA(value, value_if_na)INDEX.
Returns the value of a cell at a specific row and column intersection.
=INDEX(array, row_num, [column_num])MATCH.
Returns the relative numeric position of an item in a range.
=MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_type])CHOOSE.
Returns a value from a list of arguments based on an index number.
=CHOOSE(index_num, value1, [value2], ...)OFFSET.
Constructs a reference offset from a starting cell by rows and columns.
=OFFSET(reference, rows, cols, [height], [width])MID.
Extracts a specific number of characters from text starting at any position.
=MID(text, start_num, num_chars)UPPER.
Converts all letters in a text string to uppercase.
=UPPER(text)LOWER.
Converts all letters in a text string to lowercase.
=LOWER(text)SUBSTITUTE.
Replaces occurrences of existing text with new text in a string.
=SUBSTITUTE(text, old_text, new_text, [instance_num])REPLACE.
Replaces part of a text string with different text based on character count.
=REPLACE(old_text, start_num, num_chars, new_text)VALUE.
Converts a text string that represents a number into a numeric value.
=VALUE(text)DATE.
Creates a valid date serial number from separate Year, Month, and Day.
=DATE(year, month, day)DAYS.
Returns the number of calendar days between two dates.
=DAYS(end_date, start_date)EDATE.
Returns the date a specified number of months before or after a start date.
=EDATE(start_date, months)EOMONTH.
Returns the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months.
=EOMONTH(start_date, months)YEAR.
Extracts the 4-digit year from a date value.
=YEAR(serial_number)MONTH.
Extracts the month (1 to 12) from a date value.
=MONTH(serial_number)DAY.
Extracts the day of the month (1 to 31) from a date value.
=DAY(serial_number)MEDIAN.
Returns the median (middle numeric value) of a data set.
=MEDIAN(number1, [number2], ...)MIN.
Returns the smallest (minimum) numeric value in a set of values.
=MIN(number1, [number2], ...)MAX.
Returns the largest (maximum) numeric value in a set of values.
=MAX(number1, [number2], ...)COUNTA.
Counts the number of cells in a range that are not empty.
=COUNTA(value1, [value2], ...)COUNTBLANK.
Counts empty cells in a specified range of cells.
=COUNTBLANK(range)LARGE.
Returns the k-th largest value in a data set.
=LARGE(array, k)SMALL.
Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set.
=SMALL(array, k)No formulas found.
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Excel Basics 101.
New to spreadsheets? Here is a simple guide to understanding Excel terms.
What is a Cell?
A single box in a spreadsheet. It has an address made of its Column letter and Row number, like A1 or B5.
💡 Address: Column A, Row 1What is a Range?
A group of cells selected together. We write it with a colon (:) between the first and last cell, like A2:A6.
What is a Formula?
A math sentence that does calculations. It must always start with an equal sign (=) to tell Excel to run it.
💡 Example: =SUM(B2:B6)What is an Argument?
The inputs (ingredients) we feed into a formula. They go inside parentheses ( ) and are separated by commas.